Dukurikije igitabo cy’amategeko agenga amazi yanduye yo mu mujyi wa Shanghai (DB31/199-2018) cyo mu 2018, aho amazi yanduye asohokera uruganda rukora amashanyarazi rukorera muri Baosteel Co., Ltd. aherereye mu gace gafite amazi menshi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ntarengwa yo gusohora azote ya amoniya yagabanutse kuva kuri 10 mg/L kugera kuri 1.5 mg/L, naho ntarengwa yo gusohora ibintu bikomoka ku bimera yagabanutse kuva kuri 100 mg/L kugera kuri 50 mg/L.

Mu gace k'amazi yabereyemo impanuka: Hari ibigega bibiri by'amazi byabereyemo impanuka muri aka gace. Hashyizweho sisitemu nshya zo kugenzura imiterere ya azote ya ammonia kuri interineti kugira ngo habeho gukurikirana buri gihe urugero rwa azote ya ammonia mu bigega by'amazi byabereyemo impanuka. Byongeye kandi, hashyizweho pompe nshya yo gupima sodium hypochlorite, ihujwe n'ibigega byo kubikamo sodium hypochlorite kandi ifatanye na sisitemu yo kugenzura azote ya ammonia. Iyi miterere ituma habaho kugenzura imiterere y'amazi mu bigega byombi by'amazi byabereyemo impanuka.

Mu buryo bwo gutunganya amazi mu cyiciro cya mbere cy’aho amazi asukurwa hakoreshejwe imiti: Hashyizweho uburyo bwo kugenzura amazi hakoreshejwe uburyo bwikora bwa ammonia azote ku kigega cy’amazi, ikigega cy’amazi ya B1, ikigega cy’amazi ya B3, ikigega cy’amazi ya B4, n’ikigega cya B5. Ubu buryo bwo kugenzura bufatanye na pompe ya sodium hypochlorite kugira ngo bushobore kugenzura uburyo amazi asukurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwikora mu gihe cyose cyo gutunganya amazi.

Ibikoresho byakoreshejwe:

NHNG-3010 Igenzura rya Ammonia Azote ryikora kuri interineti

Sisitemu y'ubuhanga yo gutunganya amazi ya YCL-3100

Kugira ngo hubahirizwe amabwiriza avuguruye yo gusohora amazi, uruganda rwa Baosteel Co., Ltd. rwashyizeho ibikoresho byo gusohora no gutunganya amoniya azote ku isoko ry’amazi yanduye. Sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi yanduye yari isanzweho yavuguruwe kugira ngo amoniya azote n’ibintu bikomoka ku bimera bitunganywe neza kugira ngo huzuzwe ibisabwa bishya byo gusohora amazi yanduye. Izi ngamba zemeza ko amazi yanduye azatunganywa ku gihe kandi neza, kandi zigabanya cyane ingaruka mbi ziterwa no gusohora amazi yanduye menshi.

Kuki ari ngombwa kugenzura urugero rwa azote ya amoniya mu miyoboro y'amazi y'inganda zikora ibyuma?

Gupima azote ya amoniya (NH₃-N) mu nganda zikora ibyuma ni ingenzi cyane haba mu kurengera ibidukikije no mu kubahiriza amabwiriza, kuko inzira zo gukora ibyuma zituma amazi mabi arimo amoniya atera ibyago bikomeye iyo atavanywe mu cyuma nabi.

Ubwa mbere, azote ya ammonia ni uburozi bukomeye ku binyabuzima byo mu mazi. Nubwo byaba bike, ishobora kwangiza impumuro z'amafi n'ibindi binyabuzima byo mu mazi, igahungabanya imikorere yabyo mu mikorere y'umubiri, kandi igatera urupfu rwinshi. Byongeye kandi, ammonia nyinshi mu mazi itera eutrophication - inzira aho ammonia ihinduka nitrate na bagiteri, igatera kwiyongera kw'ibimera. Iki kirabo cy'ibimera gikuraho ogisijeni yashongeshejwe mu mazi, bigatuma habaho "uduce twapfuye" aho ibinyabuzima byinshi byo mu mazi bidashobora kubaho, bigatera ingaruka mbi ku rusobe rw'ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi.

Icya kabiri, inganda z'ibyuma zigengwa n'amategeko n'amahame ngenderwaho y'ibidukikije y'igihugu n'ay'akarere (urugero, Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard of China, Amabwiriza y'Imyuka Ihumanya ikirere y'Uburayi). Aya mahame ashyiraho imipaka ikomeye ku gipimo cya azote ya amoniya mu mazi yanduye asohoka. Gukurikirana buri gihe bituma inganda zujuje ibi bipimo ngenderwaho, birinda amande, guhagarika imirimo, cyangwa inshingano zemewe n'amategeko zikomoka ku kutubahiriza amategeko.

Byongeye kandi, ibipimo bya azote ya amoniya ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cy'imikorere myiza y'uburyo bwo gutunganya amazi yanduye mu ruganda. Iyo urugero rwa amoniya rurenze urugero, bigaragaza ibibazo bishobora kubaho mu gikorwa cyo gutunganya (urugero: imikorere mibi y'ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibintu bikomoka ku binyabuzima), bigatuma abahanga mu by'imashini bamenya kandi bagakosora ibibazo vuba—bakarinda amazi yanduye yavuwe cyangwa yavuwe nabi kwinjira mu bidukikije.

Muri make, gukurikirana azote ya amoniya mu nganda zikora ibyuma ni igikorwa cy'ibanze cyo kugabanya ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije, kubahiriza ibisabwa n'amategeko, no gukomeza kwizerwa mu gutunganya amazi yanduye.