Gusaba Ikibazo cyo Gukurikirana neza muri Sosiyete ikora amasoko

Muburyo bwo gutunganya amasoko, fosifati ikoreshwa mugukora igikingira kirinda ruswa. Ibi bikubiyemo kwibiza amasoko mumuti wa fosifati urimo ion zicyuma nka zinc, manganese, na nikel. Binyuze mu miti, hakozwe firime yumunyu wa fosifate wumunyu hejuru yisoko.

Ubu buryo butanga ubwoko bubiri bwibanze bwamazi
1. Ibyuka bihumanya birimo zinc, manganese, nikel, na fosifate.
2. Fosifati Yogesheje Amazi: Gukurikira fosifati, hakorwa ibyiciro byinshi byo koza. Nubwo imyanda ihumanya iri munsi yubwogero bwakoreshejwe, ubwinshi ni bwinshi. Aya mazi yogeje arimo zinc zisigaye, manganese, nikel, hamwe na fosifore yose, bigize isoko nyamukuru y’amazi y’amazi mu nganda zikora amasoko.

Incamake irambuye y’ibyuka bihumanya:
1. Icyuma - Umwanda Wibanze Wangiza
Inkomoko: Ahanini bikomoka kubikorwa byo gutoranya aside, aho ibyuma byo mu isoko bivurwa na hydrochloric cyangwa acide sulfurike kugirango bikureho urugero rwa okiside ya fer (ingese). Ibi bivamo gushonga cyane ioni mumazi.
Impamvu yo gukurikirana no kugenzura:
- Ingaruka ziboneka: Iyo zimaze gusohoka, ion ferrous oxyde kuri ion ferric, ikora imvura ya hydroxide itukura-yijimye itukura itera akajagari no guhindura ibara ryamazi.
- Ingaruka z’ibidukikije: Hydroxide yuzuye ya ferricide irashobora gutura ku nkombe z’inzuzi, ikangiza ibinyabuzima bya bentique no guhungabanya urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi.
- Ibibazo Remezo: Kubitsa ibyuma birashobora gutuma imiyoboro ifunga kandi bikagabanya imikorere ya sisitemu.
- Icyifuzo cyo kuvura: Nubwo uburozi bwacyo bugereranije, icyuma gisanzwe kibaho cyane kandi gishobora gukurwaho neza binyuze mu guhindura pH no kugwa. Kwitegura ni ngombwa kugirango wirinde kwivanga mubikorwa byo hasi.

2. Zinc na Manganese - "Fosifati Yombi"
Inkomoko: Ibi bintu bikomoka cyane cyane mubikorwa bya fosifate, ningirakamaro mukuzamura ingese no gufatira hamwe. Abakora amasoko menshi bakoresha zinc- cyangwa manganese ishingiye kuri fosifatique. Amazi akurikiraho atwara zinc na manganese ion mumigezi yamazi.
Impamvu yo gukurikirana no kugenzura:
- Uburozi bwo mu mazi: Ibyuma byombi byerekana uburozi bukomeye bw’amafi n’ibindi binyabuzima byo mu mazi, kabone niyo byaba ari bike, bigira ingaruka ku mikurire, kubyara, no kubaho.
- Zinc: Yangiza imikorere y amafi ya gill, ibangamira imikorere yubuhumekero.
- Manganese: Guhura karande biganisha kuri bioaccumulation n'ingaruka za neurotoxic.
- Kubahiriza amabwiriza: Ibipimo byo gusohora igihugu ndetse n’amahanga bishyiraho imipaka ikabije kuri zinc na manganese. Kurandura neza mubisanzwe bisaba imvura yimiti ukoresheje reagent ya alkaline kugirango hydroxide idashonga.

3. Nickel - Ibyuma Byinshi Byinshi Byuma Bisaba Amabwiriza akomeye
Inkomoko:
- Umurage wibikoresho fatizo: Ibyuma bimwe na bimwe bivanze, harimo ibyuma bitagira umwanda, birimo nikel, ishonga muri aside mugihe cyo gutoragura.
- Uburyo bwo kuvura isura: Bimwe mubikoresho bya electroplating cyangwa chimique byihariye birimo nikel.
Impamvu yo gukurikirana no kugenzura (Akamaro gakomeye):
- Ubuzima n’ibidukikije: Nickel hamwe n’ibintu bimwe na bimwe bya nikel byashyizwe mu rwego rwa kanseri. Bitera kandi ingaruka bitewe n'uburozi bwabo, imiterere ya allergique, hamwe n'ubushobozi bwa bioaccumulation, bikerekana ingaruka z'igihe kirekire haba ku buzima bw'abantu ndetse no ku bidukikije.
- Imipaka ikabije yo gusohora: Amabwiriza nka "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard" yashyizwe mubishobora kwemerwa cyane kuri nikel (mubisanzwe ≤0.5-1.0 mg / L), byerekana urwego rwayo rushimishije.
- Inzitizi zo Kuvura: Imvura isanzwe ya alkali ntishobora kugera ku rwego rwo kubahiriza; uburyo buhanitse nka chelating agent cyangwa sulfide imvura ikenerwa kenshi kugirango ikureho nikel neza.

Gusohora mu buryo butaziguye amazi y’amazi adatunganijwe byaviramo kwanduza ibidukikije bikabije kandi bidahumanya ibidukikije by’amazi nubutaka. Kubwibyo, imyanda yose igomba kuvurwa neza no kwipimisha bikomeye kugirango yubahirize mbere yo kurekurwa. Igenzura nyaryo ku isoko risohoka ni nk'igikorwa gikomeye ku mishinga gusohoza inshingano z’ibidukikije, kwemeza kubahiriza amabwiriza, no kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije n’amategeko.