Ikibazo cyo Gukurikirana Imyanda mu Isosiyete Ikora Imashini Ikora Imyanda ya Spring

Mu gikorwa cyo gutunganya amasoko, fosfati ikoreshwa mu gukora irangi ririnda ingese. Ibi bisaba ko amasoko ashyirwa mu gikoresho cya fosfati kirimo iyoni z'icyuma nka zinc, manganese na nikeli. Binyuze mu mikorere ya shimi, icyuma kidashonga cya fosfati kiboneka ku buso bw'isoko.

Iyi gahunda ibyara ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bw'amazi mabi
1. Uburyo bwo gusiga imyanda ya fosfati: Ubwogero bwa fosfati busaba gusimburwa buri gihe, bigatuma imyanda iba myinshi cyane. Imyanda y'ingenzi irimo zinc, manganese, nickel, na fosfeti.
2. Amazi yo koza akoresha fosiforasi: Nyuma yo koza, hakorwa ibyiciro byinshi byo koza. Nubwo ingano y'imyanda iri hasi ugereranyije n'iyo mu bwogero bumaze gukoreshwa, ingano ni nini. Aya mazi yo koza arimo zinc, manganese, nikeli, na fosifore yose, ari byo bikomoka ku mazi mabi akoresha fosiforasi mu nganda zikora.

Incamake irambuye y'ibintu by'ingenzi bihumanya ikirere:
1. Ubutare – Isuku y'ibanze y'icyuma
Inkomoko: Ikomoka ahanini ku buryo bwo gukusanya aside, aho icyuma giterwa na aside hydrochloric cyangwa sulfuric kugira ngo gikureho ingese y’icyuma (ingufu). Ibi bituma iyoni z’icyuma zishonga cyane mu mazi yanduye.
Impamvu yo gukurikirana no kugenzura:
- Ingaruka ku shusho: Iyo ivanywe mu mazi, iyoni z'umuringa zihinduka iyoni z'umuringa, zigakora feri hydroxide itukura itera umwanda no guhinduka ibara ry'amazi.
- Ingaruka z'ibidukikije: Hydroxide ya ferric ishobora gutura ku nkengero z'imigezi, igapfukirana ibinyabuzima byo mu nyanja no kubangamira urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi.
- Ibibazo by'ibikorwa remezo: Ibicukurwa by'icyuma bishobora gutuma imiyoboro ifunga kandi bigatuma imikorere ya sisitemu igabanuka.
- Ubukene bwo kuvura: Nubwo uburozi bwacyo ari buke, ubutare busanzwe bubaho ku gipimo cyo hejuru kandi bushobora gukurwaho neza binyuze mu guhindura pH no kugwa kw'amazi. Kuvura mbere ni ingenzi kugira ngo hirindwe ko habaho kubangamira inzira zo mu mazi.

2. Zinc na Manganese – "Fosfati"
Inkomoko: Ibi bintu bikomoka ahanini ku gikorwa cyo gushushanya phosphorate, kikaba ari ingenzi cyane mu kongera ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese no gufatana neza. Abakora mu nganda nyinshi bakoresha phosphorate ishingiye kuri zinc cyangwa manganese. Gusukura amazi nyuma yo koza bijyana iyoni za zinc na manganese mu mazi yanduye.
Impamvu yo gukurikirana no kugenzura:
- Uburozi bwo mu mazi: Ibikoresho byombi bigaragaza uburozi bukomeye ku mafi n'ibindi binyabuzima byo mu mazi, ndetse no ku rugero ruto, bigira ingaruka ku mikurire, kororoka no kubaho.
- Zinc: Ibangamira imikorere y'uturemangingo tw'amafi, ikagabanya ubushobozi bwo guhumeka.
- Manganese: Guhura n'ibintu bidakira bitera kwibumbira mu mubiri no kugira ingaruka mbi ku mikorere y'ubwonko.
- Iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko agenga ikoreshwa ry'amazi: Amabwiriza y'igihugu n'ay'isi yose ashyiraho imipaka ikomeye ku gipimo cya zinc na manganese. Gukuraho neza ubusanzwe bisaba imvura ikoresheje imiti igabanya ubukana bw'amazi kugira ngo habeho hydroxide idashonga.

3. Nickel – Ibyuma bikomeye bifite ibyago byinshi bisaba amabwiriza akaze
Amasoko:
- Iboneka mu bikoresho fatizo: Ibyuma bimwe na bimwe by'icyuma, harimo n'icyuma kitagira umugese, birimo nikeli, ishongeshwa muri aside mu gihe cyo kuyiteka.
- Uburyo bwo gutunganya ubuso: Hari irangi rya elegitoroniki cyangwa irangi rya chimique rigizwe n'ibinyabutabire bya nikeli.
Impamvu yo gukurikirana no kugenzura (Akamaro gakomeye):
- Ingaruka ku buzima no ku bidukikije: Nikeli n'ibindi bintu bimwe na bimwe bya nikeli bishyirwa mu byiciro by'ibintu bishobora gutera kanseri. Binatera ibyago bitewe n'uburozi bwabyo, imiterere yabyo ituma habaho ubwivumbure, ndetse n'ubushobozi bwo kwibumbira mu mubiri, bigatera ibibazo by'igihe kirekire ku buzima bw'abantu ndetse n'urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima.
- Imipaka Ikomeye yo Gusohora Amazi: Amabwiriza nka "Integrated Wastewater Disccharge Standard" ashyirwa mu bipimo biri hasi cyane byemewe kuri nikeli (ubusanzwe ≤0.5–1.0 mg/L), agaragaza urwego rwayo rwo hejuru rw’ibyago.
- Ingorane zo kuvura: Imvura isanzwe ya alkali ishobora kudakwirakwira ku rwego rwo kubahiriza amategeko; uburyo bugezweho nka chelating agents cyangwa sulfide imvura akenshi irakenewe kugira ngo nikeli ikureho neza.

Gusohora amazi yanduye atavuwe byatera kwanduza cyane ibidukikije ku butaka n'amazi. Kubwibyo, imyanda yose igomba kuvurwa neza no gupimwa neza kugira ngo harebwe ko yubahirizwa mbere yo kuyasohora. Gukurikirana mu buryo butunguranye aho amazi yamenerwa ni ingenzi ku bigo kugira ngo byuzuze inshingano zo kubungabunga ibidukikije, bihagararire kubahiriza amategeko, kandi bigabanye ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije n'amategeko.