Amakuru - Ese ibipimo bya COD na BOD birangana?

Ese ibipimo bya COD na BOD birangana?

Oya, COD na BOD ntabwo ari igitekerezo kimwe; icyakora, bifitanye isano ya hafi.
Byombi ni ibipimo by'ingenzi bikoreshwa mu gusuzuma ubwinshi bw'imyanda ihumanya ikirere mu mazi, nubwo bitandukanye mu bijyanye n'amahame yo gupima no mu buryo ikoreshwamo.

Ibi bikurikira bitanga ibisobanuro birambuye ku itandukaniro ryabyo n'imibanire yabyo:

1. Gukenera ogisijeni mu binyabutabire (COD)

· Ibisobanuro: COD bivuga ingano ya ogisijeni ikenewe kugira ngo ibintu byose bikomoka ku bimera binyure mu mazi hakoreshejwe ogisijeni ikomeye, akenshi potassium dichromate, mu gihe hari aside nyinshi. Igaragara muri miligarama za ogisijeni kuri litiro (mg/L).
· Ihame: Kugabanya ubushyuhe mu binyabutabire. Ibintu by’umwimerere bihinduka burundu binyuze mu binyabutabire mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bwinshi (hafi amasaha 2).
· Ibintu byapimwe: COD ipima hafi ya byose bigize organic, harimo ibintu bishobora kubora n'ibidashobora kubora.

Ibiranga:
· Gupima byihuse: Ibisubizo bishobora kuboneka mu masaha 2-3.
· Ingano yagutse y'ibipimo: Agaciro ka COD muri rusange karenze agaciro ka BOD kuko uburyo bugizwe n'ibintu byose bishobora gukurwaho ogisijeni.
· Nta buryo bwihariye: COD ntishobora gutandukanya ibintu bibora n'ibibora.

2. Gukenera ogisijeni mu binyabuzima (BOD)

· Ibisobanuro: BOD yerekeza ku rugero rwa ogisijeni yashongeshejwe ikoreshwa na mikorobe mu gihe cyo kubora kw'ibintu bibora mu mazi mu bihe runaka (ubusanzwe 20 °C mu gihe cy'iminsi 5, byitwa BOD₅). Igaragara kandi muri miligarama kuri litiro (mg/L).
· Ihame: Kuzura kw'ibinyabuzima. Kwangirika kw'ibintu bikomoka ku binyabuzima hakoreshejwe udukoko two mu mazi bigaragaza uburyo bwo kwisukura mu buryo bw'umwimerere.
· Ibintu byapimwe: BOD ipima gusa igice cy'ibintu bikomoka ku binyabuzima bishobora kwangirika mu buryo bw'ibinyabuzima.

Ibiranga:
· Igihe kirekire cyo gupima: Igihe gisanzwe cyo gupima ni iminsi 5 (BOD₅).
· Igaragaza imiterere karemano: Itanga ubumenyi ku bushobozi nyabwo bwo gukoresha ogisijeni mu bintu karemano mu bidukikije.
· Ubwinshi buhanitse: BOD isubiza gusa ku bintu bibora bishobora kubora.

3. Guhuza no gukoresha neza

Nubwo bitandukanye, COD na BOD bikunze gusesengurwa hamwe kandi bigira uruhare runini mu isuzuma ry’ubuziranenge bw’amazi no gutunganya amazi yanduye:

1) Gusuzuma ubushobozi bwo kubora:
Igipimo cya BOD/COD gikunze gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe ibinyabuzima (urugero: inzira yo gukamura umwanda).
· BOD/COD > 0.3: Igaragaza ko ibora neza, bigaragaza ko uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ari bwo bukwiye.
· BOD/COD < 0.3: Igaragaza ko hari igice kinini cy’ibintu birwanya ibidukikije bidashobora kubora neza. Muri ibyo bihe, hashobora kuba ngombwa uburyo bwo kuvura mbere y’uko bibora (urugero: oxidation ihanitse cyangwa coagulation sedimentation) kugira ngo hongerwe uburyo bwo kubora neza, cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe imiti bushobora kuba ngombwa.

2) Ingero z'ikoreshwa:
· BOD: Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gusuzuma ingaruka z’amazi mabi aturuka ku bidukikije ku bidukikije, cyane cyane mu bijyanye no kugabanuka kwa ogisijeni n’ubushobozi bwayo bwo gutuma ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi bipfa.
· COD: Ikoreshwa cyane mu gukurikirana byihuse imyanda ihumanya amazi yanduye mu nganda, cyane cyane iyo amazi yanduye arimo ibintu byangiza cyangwa bitabora. Bitewe n'ubushobozi bwayo bwo gupima vuba, COD ikunze gukoreshwa mu gukurikirana no kugenzura ibikorwa by'amazi yanduye mu buryo bwo kuyasukura.

Incamake y'Itandukaniro ry'Ingenzi

Ibiranga	COD (Ubushake bwa Ogisijeni mu Binyabutabire)	BOD (Ubushake bwa Ogisijeni mu Biyolojiya)
Ihame	Okiside y'ibinyabutabire	Okiside y'ibinyabuzima (imikorere ya mikorobe)
Ogisijeni	Ibinyabutabire bikomeye (urugero: potasiyumu dichromate)	Udukoko duto two mu kirere
Uburyo bwo gupima	Harimo ibintu byose bishobora gukurwaho imiti (harimo n'ibidashobora kubora)	Ibintu by’umwimerere bishobora kubora gusa
Igihe cy'ikizamini	Igihe gito (amasaha 2–3)	Igihe kirekire (iminsi 5 cyangwa irenga)
Isano y'imibare	COD ≥ BOD	UMUBIRI ≤ COD

Umwanzuro:

COD na BOD ni ibipimo byuzuzanya mu gusuzuma ihumana ry’ibinyabuzima mu mazi aho kuba ibipimo bingana. COD ishobora gufatwa nk'"igipimo ntarengwa cya ogisijeni" cy'ibintu byose binyabuzima biriho, mu gihe BOD igaragaza "ubushobozi nyabwo bwo gukoresha ogisijeni" mu bihe bisanzwe.

Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro n'isano riri hagati ya COD na BOD ni ingenzi mu gushyiraho uburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya amazi yanduye, gusuzuma ubuziranenge bw'amazi, no gushyiraho amahame ngenderwaho akwiye yo kuyasohora.

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Shanghai Boqu Instrument Co., Ltd. yihariye mu gutanga ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibikoresho byo gusesengura amazi bya COD na BOD kuri interineti bikora neza cyane. Ibikoresho byacu by'ubusesenguzi by'ubwenge bifasha kugenzura mu buryo nyabwo kandi bunoze, kohereza amakuru mu buryo bwikora, no gucunga mu buryo bushingiye ku bicu, bityo bigafasha gushyiraho uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura amazi mu buryo bwa kure kandi bunoze.

Andika ubutumwa bwawe hano hanyuma ubwoherereze

Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 10 Nzeri 2025