Amakuru - Gukurikirana Urwego rwa Oxygene Yashonze murwego rwa Bio Pharmaceutical Fermentation

Oxygene yamenetse ni iki?

Oxygene yamenetse (DO) bivuga ogisijeni ya molekile (O._₂) yashonga mu mazi. Itandukanye na atome ya ogisijeni iboneka muri molekile y'amazi (H._₂O), nkuko ibaho mumazi muburyo bwa molekile yigenga ya ogisijeni yigenga, ikomoka mu kirere cyangwa ikomoka kuri fotosintezeza n'ibimera byo mu mazi. Ubwinshi bwa DO buterwa nibintu bitandukanye, harimo ubushyuhe, umunyu, amazi atemba, nibikorwa byibinyabuzima. Nkibyo, ikora nkigipimo cyingenzi cyo gusuzuma ubuzima n’umwanda w’ibidukikije byo mu mazi.

Umwuka wa ogisijeni ushonga ugira uruhare runini mu guteza imbere metabolisme ya mikorobe, bigira ingaruka ku guhumeka kwa selile, gukura, hamwe na biosynthesis y'ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga. Nyamara, urwego rwo hejuru rwa ogisijeni yashonze ntabwo buri gihe ari ingirakamaro. Umwuka mwinshi wa ogisijeni urashobora gutuma habaho metabolisme yibicuruzwa byegeranijwe kandi bishobora gutera uburozi. Urwego rwiza rwa DO ruratandukanye muburyo butandukanye bwa bagiteri. Kurugero, mugihe cya biosynthesis ya penisiline, DO ikomeza kubungabungwa hafi 30%. Niba DO igabanutse kuri zeru kandi ikaguma kuri urwo rwego iminota itanu, imiterere yibicuruzwa irashobora kwangirika cyane. Niba iyi miterere ikomeje kuminota 20, ibyangiritse bidasubirwaho birashobora kubaho.

Kugeza ubu, ibyuma bikoreshwa cyane bya DO birashobora gupima gusa umwuka wuzuye ugereranije, aho kuba umwuka wa ogisijeni ushonga. Nyuma yo guhagarika umuco wumuco, guhinduranya no gukurura bikorwa kugeza igihe sensor yo gusoma ihagaze, icyo gihe agaciro kashyizwe mukuzuza ikirere 100%. Ibipimo byakurikiyeho mugihe cya fermentation bishingiye kuriyi nyandiko. Indangagaciro zuzuye zidashobora kugenwa ukoresheje sensor zisanzwe kandi bisaba ubuhanga buhanitse, nka polarography. Nyamara, ibipimo byuzuza ikirere muri rusange birahagije mugukurikirana no kugenzura imikorere ya fermentation.

Muri fermenter, DO urwego rushobora gutandukana mubice bitandukanye. Nubwo iyo gusoma bihamye bibonetse mugihe kimwe, ihindagurika rishobora kugaragara mubitangazamakuru bimwe byumuco. Imisemburo minini ikunda kwerekana itandukaniro rinini cyane murwego rwa DO, ibyo bikaba bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kumikurire ya mikorobe no gutanga umusaruro. Ibimenyetso byubushakashatsi byagaragaje ko, nubwo impuzandengo ya DO ishobora kuba 30%, imikorere ya fermentation mubihe bihindagurika iri hasi cyane ugereranije nibihe bihamye. Kubwibyo, mubipimo bya fermenters - birenze gutekereza kuri geometrike nimbaraga zisa - kugabanya itandukaniro rya DO ikomeza kuba intego nyamukuru yubushakashatsi.

Ni ukubera iki Igenzura rya Oxygene ikonjeshwa ari ngombwa muri Fermentation ya Biofarmaceutical?

1. Kubungabunga Ibidukikije Byiza Byakuze kuri Microorganismes cyangwa selile
Gusembura mu nganda mubisanzwe birimo mikorobe zo mu kirere, nka Escherichia coli n'umusemburo, cyangwa ingirangingo z’inyamabere, nka selile yo mu Bushinwa Hamster Ovary (CHO). Izi selile zikora nk "abakozi" muri sisitemu ya fermentation, bisaba ogisijeni yo guhumeka no gukora metabolike. Oxygene ikora nka terefone ya elegitoronike mu guhumeka mu kirere, ituma habaho ingufu mu buryo bwa ATP. Umwuka wa ogisijeni udahagije urashobora gutuma umuntu ahumeka, gufatwa, cyangwa no gupfa, amaherezo bikaviramo kunanirwa kwa fermentation. Gukurikirana urwego rwa DO rwemeza ko umwuka wa ogisijeni uguma murwego rwiza rwo gukura kwingirabuzimafatizo no kubaho neza.

2. Kugenzura niba Synthesis ikora neza yibicuruzwa bigenewe
Intego ya fermentation ya biofarmaceutical ntabwo ari uguteza imbere ikwirakwizwa ry’utugari gusa ahubwo ni ukorohereza guhuza neza ibicuruzwa byifuzwa nka insuline, antibodiyite za monoclonal, inkingo, na enzymes. Izi nzira za biosynetike akenshi zisaba ingufu nyinshi zinjiza, cyane cyane zikomoka kubuhumekero bwindege. Byongeye kandi, sisitemu nyinshi yimikorere igira uruhare muguhindura ibicuruzwa biterwa na ogisijeni. Kubura Oxygene birashobora guhungabanya cyangwa kugabanya imikorere yiyi nzira.

Byongeye, DO urwego rukora nkikimenyetso kigenga. Byombi birenze urugero kandi biri hasi ya DO irashobora:
- Hindura inzira ya metabolike inzira ya selile, kurugero, kuva mubuhumekero bwindege ukajya kuri fermentation ya anaerobic idakora neza.
- Kurura ibibazo bya selile yibisubizo, biganisha kumusaruro wibicuruzwa bitifuzwa.
- Hindura imvugo urwego rwa poroteyine zidasanzwe.

Mugucunga neza urwego rwa DO mubyiciro bitandukanye byo gusembura, birashoboka kuyobora metabolisme ya selile igana ku ntego ntarengwa yo kugereranya ibicuruzwa, bityo ukagera kuri fermentation nyinshi kandi itanga umusaruro mwinshi.

Intangiriro ku mbonerahamwe y’amazi ya Bio Pharmaceuticals

3. Kurinda Oxygene Kubura cyangwa Kurenza
Kubura Oxygene (hypoxia) birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye:
- Gukura kwingirangingo hamwe no guhuza ibicuruzwa birahagarara.
- Metabolism ihinduka inzira ya anaerobic, bigatuma habaho kwirundanya kwa acide kama nka acide lactique na acide acetike, bigabanya pH yumuco wumuco kandi bishobora kwangiza selile.
- Indwara ya hypoxia igihe kirekire irashobora kwangiza bidasubirwaho, hamwe no gukira kutuzuye nubwo nyuma ya okisijene yagaruwe.

Umwuka mwinshi wa ogisijeni (supersaturation) nawo utera ingaruka:
- Irashobora gutera impagarara za okiside no gushiraho ubwoko bwa ogisijeni ikora (ROS), yangiza uturemangingo na biomolecules.
- Gukabya gukabije no guhagarika umutima byongera ingufu zikoreshwa nigiciro cyibikorwa, biganisha kumyanda idakenewe.

4. Nka Parameti Yingenzi yo Kugenzura-Igihe-Kugenzura no Kugarura Ibitekerezo

KORA ni igihe nyacyo, gikomeza, kandi cyuzuye kigaragaza imiterere yimbere ya sisitemu ya fermentation. Impinduka murwego rwa DO zirashobora kwerekana muburyo butandukanye imiterere yimikorere nibikorwa:
- Gukura kwihuta kwingirabuzimafatizo byongera ogisijeni, bigatuma urwego rwa DO rugabanuka.
- Substrate depletion cyangwa kubuza bidindiza metabolisme, kugabanya ikoreshwa rya ogisijeni no gutuma urwego rwa DO ruzamuka.
- Kwanduzwa na mikorobe yo mu mahanga ihindura uburyo bwo gukoresha ogisijeni, biganisha ku ihindagurika ridasanzwe rya DO kandi rikaba ikimenyetso cyo kuburira hakiri kare.
- Imikorere mibi yibikoresho, nko kunanirwa kwa stirrer, guhagarika imiyoboro ihumeka, cyangwa gushungura, bishobora no kuvamo imyitwarire idasanzwe ya DO.

Muguhuza igihe nyacyo cyo kugenzura muri sisitemu yo kugenzura ibitekerezo byikora, kugenzura neza urwego rwa DO birashobora kugerwaho hifashishijwe uburyo bwo guhindura imikorere ikurikira:
- Gukurura umuvuduko: Kongera umuvuduko byongera gazi-yamazi mu kumena ibibyimba, bityo bigatuma ogisijeni ikora neza. Ubu ni bwo buryo bukoreshwa cyane kandi bunoze.
- Igipimo cya Aeration: Guhindura umuvuduko wikigereranyo cyangwa ibigize gaze yinjira (urugero, kongera igipimo cyumwuka cyangwa ogisijeni mwiza).
- Umuvuduko wa tank: Kuzamura umuvuduko byongera umuvuduko wa ogisijeni igice, bityo bikongerera imbaraga.
- Ubushyuhe: Kugabanya ubushyuhe byongera imbaraga za ogisijeni mu muco.

Ibicuruzwa bya BOQU byo kugenzura kumurongo wa fermentation yibinyabuzima: