Amakuru - Ihame nigikorwa cyindishyi zubushyuhe bwa metero za pH nuburinganire

https://www.boquinstruments.com/ph8012-inganda-yangiza- amazi-ph-sensor-product/

metero pHnametero yumurirozikoreshwa cyane mubisesengura mubushakashatsi bwa siyansi, kugenzura ibidukikije, no gutunganya inganda. Imikorere yabo neza no kugenzura metrologiya ishingiye cyane kubisubizo byakoreshejwe. Agaciro pH hamwe nu mashanyarazi yibi bisubizo biterwa cyane nubushyuhe butandukanye. Nkuko ubushyuhe buhinduka, ibipimo byombi byerekana ibisubizo bitandukanye, bishobora kugira ingaruka kubipimo. Mugihe cyo kugenzura metrologiya, byagaragaye ko gukoresha nabi indishyi zubushyuhe muri ibi bikoresho biganisha ku gutandukana cyane mubisubizo byo gupima. Byongeye kandi, bamwe mubakoresha bakoresha nabi amahame shingiro yindishyi zubushyuhe cyangwa bananiwe kumenya itandukaniro riri hagati ya pH na metero yimikorere, bikavamo gusaba nabi hamwe namakuru yizewe. Kubwibyo rero, gusobanukirwa neza amahame n’itandukaniro riri hagati yuburyo bwo kwishyura ubushyuhe bwibi bikoresho byombi ni ngombwa kugirango ibipimo bipime neza.

I. Amahame n'imikorere y'indishyi z'ubushyuhe

1. Indishyi z'ubushyuhe muri metero za pH
Muri kalibrasi no gushyira mubikorwa metero ya pH, ibipimo bidahwitse akenshi biva mugukoresha nabi indishyi zubushyuhe. Igikorwa cyibanze cyubushyuhe bwa metero ya pH nuguhindura coefficient ya electrode ikurikije ibipimo bya Nernst, bigafasha kumenya neza pH yumuti kubushyuhe buriho.

Itandukaniro rishobora (muri mV) ryakozwe na sisitemu yo gupima electrode igumaho ititaye ku bushyuhe; icyakora, ibyiyumvo byigisubizo cya pH - ni ukuvuga, impinduka ya voltage kuri buri pH - iratandukanye nubushyuhe. Ikigereranyo cya Nernst gisobanura iyi sano, byerekana ko ahahanamye harebwa igisubizo cya electrode yiyongera hamwe nubushyuhe bwiyongera. Iyo indishyi yubushyuhe ikozwe, igikoresho gihindura ibintu bikwiranye, byemeza ko agaciro pH yerekanwe ihuye nubushyuhe nyabwo bwigisubizo. Hatabayeho indishyi zikwiye, pH yapimwe yerekana ubushyuhe bwa Calibrated aho kuba ubushyuhe bwikitegererezo, biganisha ku makosa. Rero, indishyi zubushyuhe zituma ibipimo bya pH byizewe mubihe bitandukanye byubushyuhe.

2. Indishyi z'ubushyuhe mu bipimo by'imyitwarire
Amashanyarazi aterwa nurwego rwa ionisation ya electrolytite no kugenda kwa ion mugisubizo, byombi biterwa nubushyuhe. Mugihe ubushyuhe bwiyongera, ionic igenda yiyongera, bikavamo agaciro keza cyane; muburyo bunyuranye, ubushyuhe bwo hasi bugabanya ubukana. Bitewe nuku kwishingikiriza gukomeye, kugereranya mu buryo butaziguye ibipimo byimikorere byafashwe ku bushyuhe butandukanye ntabwo bisobanutse nta bipimo.

Kugirango ugereranye, ibyasomwe neza byerekanwa n'ubushyuhe busanzwe - ubusanzwe 25 ° C. Niba indishyi zubushyuhe zahagaritswe, igikoresho kimenyesha ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe nyabwo. Mu bihe nk'ibi, gukosora intoki ukoresheje coefficient yubushyuhe ikwiye (β) bigomba gukoreshwa kugirango uhindure ibisubizo kubushyuhe bwerekanwe. Ariko, iyo ubushyuhe bwubushuhe bushobojwe, igikoresho gihita gikora iyi mpinduka hashingiwe kubipimo byateganijwe mbere cyangwa byateganijwe. Ibi bifasha kugereranya guhoraho kurugero kandi bigashyigikira kubahiriza amahame yihariye yo kugenzura inganda. Urebye akamaro kayo, metero zigezweho zigezweho hafi ya zose zirimo imikorere yindishyi zubushyuhe, kandi uburyo bwo kugenzura metrologiya bugomba kubamo gusuzuma iyi ngingo.

II. Ibitekerezo Byibikorwa bya pH hamwe nubushakashatsi hamwe nubushyuhe bwubushyuhe

1. Amabwiriza yo Gukoresha Ubushyuhe bwa pH Meter
Kubera ko ibimenyetso bya mV byapimwe bidatandukana nubushyuhe, uruhare rwindishyi zubushyuhe nuguhindura ahahanamye (coefficient K) ya electrode kugirango ihuze nubushyuhe buriho. Niyo mpamvu, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko ubushyuhe bwibisubizo byakoreshejwe mugihe cya kalibrasi bihuye nicyitegererezo cyapimwe, cyangwa hakoreshwa indishyi zubushyuhe nyabwo. Kutabikora birashobora kuvamo amakosa atunganijwe, cyane cyane iyo upimye ingero ziri kure yubushyuhe bwa kalibrasi.

2. Amabwiriza yo Gukoresha Metero Yubushyuhe Ubushyuhe
Coefficient ikosora ubushyuhe (β) igira uruhare runini muguhindura ibipimo byapimwe n'ubushyuhe buvugwa. Ibisubizo bitandukanye byerekana β indangagaciro zitandukanye - kurugero, amazi asanzwe afite β hafi ya 2,2-2,5% / ° C, mugihe acide cyangwa ibishingwe bikomeye bishobora gutandukana cyane. Ibikoresho bifite coefficient zihamye zo gukosora (urugero, 2.0% / ° C) birashobora kuzana amakosa mugihe upimye ibisubizo bitari bisanzwe. Kubisobanuro bihanitse bya porogaramu, niba ibyubatswe byubatswe bidashobora guhinduka kugirango bihuze nukuri β byigisubizo, birasabwa guhagarika imikorere yindishyi zubushyuhe. Ahubwo, bapima ubushyuhe bwibisubizo neza kandi ukore ubugororangingo, cyangwa ukomeze icyitegererezo kuri 25 ° C mugihe cyo gupima kugirango ukureho indishyi.

III. Uburyo bwihuse bwo gusuzuma bwo kumenya imikorere mibi yubushyuhe

1. Kugenzura Byihuse Uburyo bwa pH Meter Yubushyuhe
Ubwa mbere, uhindure metero ya pH ukoresheje ibisubizo bibiri bisanzwe bya buffer kugirango ushire ahahanamye. Noneho, bapima igisubizo cya gatatu cyemewe gisanzwe mugihe cyindishyi (hamwe nubushuhe bwubushuhe bushoboka). Gereranya gusoma byabonetse hamwe nigiciro cya pH giteganijwe ku bushyuhe nyabwo bwigisubizo, nkuko bigaragara muri "Amabwiriza yo kugenzura ibipimo bya pH." Niba gutandukana birenze ikosa ryemewe ryemewe ryicyiciro cyukuri, uwishyuye ubushyuhe arashobora gukora nabi kandi bisaba ubugenzuzi bwumwuga.

2. Kugenzura Byihuse Uburyo bwo Kuringaniza Ubushyuhe Ubushyuhe
Gupima ubushyuhe nubushyuhe bwigisubizo gihamye ukoresheje metero yumuriro hamwe nindishyi zubushyuhe zishoboka. Andika agaciro kerekanwe indishyi zagaciro. Ibikurikira, hagarika indishyi yubushyuhe hanyuma wandike ubushyuhe bubi kubushyuhe nyabwo. Ukoresheje coefficente yubushyuhe izwi yumuti, ubare ubushyuhe buteganijwe kubushyuhe (25 ° C). Gereranya agaciro kabaruwe hamwe nigikoresho cyasomwe. Itandukaniro rikomeye ryerekana amakosa ashobora kuba muri algorithm cyangwa sensor yubushyuhe, bikenera kugenzurwa na laboratoire yemewe.

Mu gusoza, imikorere yubushyuhe ikora muri metero pH na metero zitwara ibintu bikora intego zitandukanye. Muri metero pH, indishyi zihindura ibyiyumvo bya electrode kugirango bigaragaze ingaruka zubushyuhe bwigihe ukurikije ikigereranyo cya Nernst. Muri metero zitwara neza, indishyi zisanzwe zisoma ubushyuhe bwerekanwe kugirango bushobore kugereranya. Kwitiranya ubu buryo birashobora kuganisha kubisobanuro bitari byo hamwe nubuziranenge bwamakuru. Gusobanukirwa neza amahame yabo bitanga ibipimo nyabyo kandi byizewe. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwo gusuzuma bwasobanuwe haruguru butuma abakoresha gukora isuzuma ryibanze ryimikorere yindishyi. Mugihe hagaragaye ikintu kidasanzwe, gutanga bidatinze igikoresho cyo kugenzura metrologiya byemewe birasabwa cyane.

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Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-10-2025