Muri iki gihe isi yateye imbere mu nganda, gucunga neza imyanda ni ngombwa kugira ngo ibidukikije bibungabunge kandi birinde umutungo w’amazi.
Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi mu kugenzura no kugenzura imyanda iva mu nganda ni akajagari.Guhindagurika bivuga ibicu cyangwa ibyago byamazi biterwa numubare munini wibice byahagaritswe muri yo.Kugirango ugere kubikorwa birambye, inganda zigomba gukoresha ibikoresho byateye imbere bishobora gupima neza no gusesengura urwego rw’imivurungano.
Muri iyi blog, tuzasuzuma akamaro ko kugenzura imivurungano, akamaro ko gukoresha ibikoresho bigezweho, nuburyo bigira uruhare mubikorwa byinganda birambye.
Gusobanukirwa n’imivurungano n'ingaruka zayo ku bidukikije:
- Guhindagurika ni iki kandi ni ukubera iki bifite akamaro?
Guhindagurika ni ikimenyetso gikomeye cy’ubuziranenge bw’amazi, kuko bigira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw’ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi byo mu buzima.Urwego rwo hejuru rushobora kwangiza ibimera n’inyamaswa mu kugabanya urumuri rwinjira no kubuza fotosintezeza.
Byongeye kandi, ibice byahagaritswe mumazi birashobora gukora nk'abatwara imyanda ihumanya, bikangiza amazi meza.
- Amabwiriza y’ibidukikije n’imipaka ntarengwa
Inzego za leta zashyizeho amabwiriza yihariye yerekeranye n’urwego rw’imyanda mu myanda irinda amazi y’umwanda umwanda.Inganda zirasabwa kubahiriza izo mbibi kugirango zigabanye ingaruka ku bidukikije.Kutabikora birashobora guhanishwa ibihano bikomeye no kwangiza izina ryisosiyete.
Akamaro k'ibikoresho byo guhungabana mugucunga neza:
A.Igenzura-nyaryo ryo gusubiza ako kanya
Uburyo bwa gakondo bwo gutoranya hamwe nuburyo bwo gupima laboratoire biratwara igihe kandi ntibitanga amakuru nyayo.Ibikoresho bihindagurika, nka nephelometero na turbidimetero, bitanga ibipimo ako kanya, bigafasha inganda gutabara bidatinze gutandukana kwose kurwego rushimishije.
B.Amakuru Yukuri Kubyemezo Bimenyeshejwe
Amakuru yukuri yuzuye ni ngombwa mugufata ibyemezo byuzuye mugucunga imyanda.Ibikoresho bihindagurika bitanga ibipimo nyabyo, bituma inganda zitezimbere uburyo bwo kuvura no kwemeza kubahiriza ibidukikije.
C.Kugabanya Ingaruka ku Bidukikije
Mugushira mubikorwa ibikoresho bigezweho byinganda, inganda zirashobora gukurikirana no kugenzura urwego rw’imyanda y’imyanda, bigatuma ingaruka z’ibidukikije zigabanuka.Kugabanya umuvuduko mwinshi bisobanura uduce duto twahagaritswe hamwe n’imyanda ihumanya mu mazi, amaherezo ikarinda ubuzima bw’amazi n’ibidukikije muri rusange.
Ubwoko bwibikoresho bya Turbidity byo kugenzura ingufu zinganda:
a.Nephelometero: Gupima urumuri rutatanye
Nephelometero ni ibikoresho bidahwitse bipima ubukana bwurumuri rutatanye murugero rwamazi.Iyo urumuri ruhuye nuduce muri sample, ikwirakwira muburyo butandukanye.
Nephelometero itahura urumuri rutatanye kandi rutanga gusoma bidasubirwaho, bigatuma biba ibikoresho byoroshye kubipima neza.
b.Turbidimetero: Gukoresha Absorption hamwe numucyo utatanye
Turbidimetero ikora mugupima ibyinjira hamwe numucyo utatanye murugero rwamazi.Zikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byinganda bitewe nubushobozi bwazo hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukemura urwego runini rwimivurungano.Turbidimetero zifite akamaro kanini mugukurikirana imyanda iva mubikorwa bitandukanye byinganda.
c.Kumurongo hamwe nibikoresho byoroshye:
Inganda zirashobora guhitamo hagati yibikoresho byo kumurongo no gutwara ibintu bitewe nibisabwa byihariye.Ibikoresho byo kumurongo byashizwe burundu muri sisitemu isohoka, bitanga igenzura rihoraho.
Kurundi ruhande, ibikoresho byikurura bitanga guhinduka, kwemerera ibipimo ahantu hatandukanye mugikorwa cyo kuvura imyanda.
Kuberiki Guhitamo Ibikoresho byo Kumurongo Kumurongo Kuramba?
Ibikoresho byo kumurongo kuri interineti byahindutse amahitamo yinganda zishaka kongera imbaraga zirambye.Ibi bikoresho byateye imbere bitanga inyungu nyinshi kurenza bagenzi babo bigendanwa, bigatuma biba ibikoresho byingirakamaro mugucunga neza inganda.
A.Gukurikirana-Igihe-Gukurikirana no Gukomeza Amakuru Kuboneka
Ibikoresho byo kumurongo, nkibitangwa na BOQU, tanga ubushobozi bwigihe cyo gukurikirana.Hamwe namakuru ahoraho aboneka, inganda zirashobora gukomeza gukora cyane mubikorwa byazo byo gukomeza urwego rw’imivurungano mu mipaka yemewe.
Amakuru ahita atangwa nibi bikoresho bituma habaho igisubizo cyihuse mugihe habaye gutandukana, gukumira ingaruka z’ibidukikije.
B.Kwishyira hamwe no Kuzamura Imikorere
Ibikoresho bya BOQU kumurongo bya Turbidity biza bifite ibikoresho byohereza ubutumwa bitagaragaza gusa amakuru yapimwe ahubwo binashoboza imikorere itandukanye.
Ibisohokayandikiro bya 4-20mA byabonetse binyuze mumiterere ya transmitter ya transfert na kalibrasi byorohereza kwishyira hamwe nizindi sisitemu, nka SCADA (Igenzura rya Supervisory and Data Acquisition) na PLC (Programmable Logic Controller).
Byongeye kandi, ibyo bikoresho birashobora kumenya kugenzura no gutumanaho hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, bikazamura imikorere rusange yuburyo bwo gutunganya imyanda.
C.Igice kinini cyo gusaba
Ubwinshi bwibikoresho bya BOQU kumurongo wibikoresho bituma bikwiranye ninganda zitandukanye.Kuva ku miyoboro y’imyanda no kuri sitasiyo y’amazi kugeza ku micungire y’amazi yo hejuru no gutunganya inganda, ibyo bikoresho birakwiriye gukemura ibibazo bitandukanye.
Mugihe inganda zikomeje gutandukana, kugira igikoresho gihindagurika gishobora guhuza imiterere itandukanye ningirakamaro mubikorwa birambye.
Gutezimbere Kuramba hamwe nibikoresho bya Turbidity:
Inganda zirashobora gukoresha ibikoresho byangiza kumurongo kugirango bifashe kubahiriza amabwiriza y’ibidukikije no kunoza imbaraga zirambye.Gukurikirana imiyoboro ya interineti ituma ibigo bamenya impinduka zose z’ubuziranenge bw’amazi, bikabafasha gufata ibyemezo mbere yo kugira ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije cyangwa ku buzima bw’abantu.
Ibikoresho byo guhungabana nabyo ni ingirakamaro mu gusesengura imikorere yuburyo bwo kuvura ugereranije urwego rwabanjirije na nyuma yubuvuzi.
a.Kunoza uburyo bwo kuvura
Ibikoresho bihindagurika bigira uruhare runini mugutezimbere uburyo bwo kuvura imyanda.Mugukomeza gukurikirana urwego rw’imyanda, inganda zirashobora guhuza neza uburyo bwazo bwo kuvura, bigatuma hakurwaho neza uduce duto twahagaritswe n’umwanda.
Ibi ntibigabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije gusa ahubwo binatezimbere muri rusange uburyo bwo kuvura.
b.Imikorere myiza mubibazo bitoroshye
Ubushyuhe bwo gukora buri hagati ya 0 na 100 ℃ hamwe nu rutonde rw’amazi adafite amazi ya IP65 bituma ibikoresho bya BOQU byo kuri interineti bihinduka neza kubidukikije.Haba mubushuhe bukabije cyangwa guhura namazi, ibyo bikoresho bikomeza ibipimo nyabyo kandi byizewe, bikomeza kugenzura imiyoboro ihoraho itabangamiye ubunyangamugayo bwamakuru.
c.Kongera imbaraga mu gutunganya amazi n’amazi mabi
Mu bihingwa bitunganya amazi n’ibikoresho by’imyanda, kubungabunga urugero rwiza rw’imyanda ni ngombwa cyane.Ibikoresho bya BOQU byo kumurongo bitanga umurongo utomoye kandi uhoraho, bituma habaho uburyo bwo kuvura.
Mugutunganya neza coagulation, flocculation, hamwe nubutaka bwimiterere ishingiye kumibare nyayo yibihe, inganda zirashobora kugabanya cyane imikoreshereze yimiti nogukoresha ingufu, biganisha kumikorere irambye no kuzigama amafaranga.
Amagambo yanyuma:
Kugenzura imyanda munganda ningingo yingenzi yo kubungabunga ibidukikije.Ibikoresho bihindagurika ni ibikoresho byingirakamaro mu kugenzura no gucunga neza imyanda ihumanya neza.
Mugukoresha ibyo bikoresho bigezweho, inganda ntizishobora kubahiriza amabwiriza y’ibidukikije gusa ahubwo zishobora no kugira uruhare mu bikorwa birambye, kubungabunga umutungo w’amazi meza no kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi mu bihe bizaza.
Kwakira ibikoresho bidahwitse ni intambwe igaragara igana ahantu nyaburanga kandi hashyizweho inganda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-11-2023
