Ingaruka zo gukenera umwuka wa ogisijeni mu mazi (COD) mu rugero rukabije ku buzima bw'abantu no ku bidukikije ni ingenzi. COD ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cyo gupima ubwinshi bw'imyanda ihumanya ikirere mu miterere y'amazi. Igipimo cya COD kiri hejuru kigaragaza umwanda ukomeye w'ibinyabuzima, ibyo bikaba biteza ingaruka zikomeye ku rusobe rw'ibinyabuzima ndetse no ku buzima rusange.

Ibintu by’uburozi byinjira mu mazi bishobora kwangiza ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi, harimo n’amafi, kandi bishobora kwirundanya binyuze mu ruhererekane rw’ibiribwa, amaherezo bikinjira mu mubiri w’umuntu bigatera uburozi budakira. Urugero, kumara igihe kinini umuntu ahura n’ibintu nka DDT byagize ingaruka mbi ku mitsi, kwangirika k’umwijima, kudakora neza k’umubiri, ndetse no kwangirika kw’imikorere y’imyororokere n’uturemangingo tw’uturemangingo, harimo n’ibyago byinshi byo kuvukana indwara zitameze neza no gutera kanseri.

Igipimo cyo hejuru cya COD nacyo cyangiza ubwiza bw'amazi kandi kikabangamira uburinganire bw'ibidukikije. Iyo imyanda y’ibinyabuzima yinjiye mu migezi no mu biyaga idatunganyijwe ku gihe, myinshi ishyirwa mu myanda yo hasi. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ibi bintu byirundanyije bigira ingaruka mbi z'igihe kirekire ku buzima bwo mu mazi. Ibi bigaragara mu buryo bubiri bw'ingenzi: icya mbere, ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi bishobora gupfa cyane, bigahungabanya urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima kandi bikaba byanatuma ahantu hose ho mu mazi hasenyuka; icya kabiri, uburozi bugenda bwiyongera buhoro buhoro mu binyabuzima nk'amafi n'ibinyamisogwe. Kurya ibiryo byo mu mazi byanduye bivamo kwimura no gukusanya ibi bintu byangiza mu mubiri, bigatera ibyago bikomeye ku buzima mu gihe kirekire, harimo kanseri, ubumuga bw'iterambere, n'impinduka mu miterere y'uturemangingo.

Byongeye kandi, urugero rwa COD ruri hejuru cyane rubangamira ubushobozi karemano bwo kwisukura bw'amazi. Kwangirika kw'ibintu bikomoka ku binyabuzima bikoresha ogisijeni ishongeshejwe (DO), kandi iyo ogisijeni ikoreshejwe irenze igipimo cyo kongera ogisijeni, urugero rwa DO rushobora kugabanuka kugera kuri zeru, bigatuma habaho imimerere yo kudahumeka. Muri iyo mimerere, imikorere ya mikorobe zidafite ogisijeni ikomeza, bigatuma amazi yijima kandi agasohora impumuro mbi—ibimenyetso bisanzwe by'umwanda ukabije.

Gukoresha imashini zisesengura COD bigira uruhare runini mu kugenzura no gukumira urugero rukabije rwa COD. Imashini isesengura Boqu'COD ikoreshwa cyane mu gusuzuma amazi yo hejuru, amazi yo munsi y'ubutaka, imyanda yo mu ngo, n'amazi yanduye yo mu nganda. Ishyigikira isuzuma ryihuse ry'ubutabazi bw'ibanze ndetse n'isesengura ry'ubuziranenge bw'amazi rikorwa muri laboratwari, bigatuma iba igikoresho gikoreshwa mu kugenzura ibidukikije no kurwanya umwanda.