Amakuru - Ni ubuhe buryo bw'ibanze bwo gupima umwuka wa ogisijeni mu mazi?

Ingano ya ogisijeni ishongeshejwe (DO) ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gusuzuma ubushobozi bwo kwisukura bw'ibidukikije byo mu mazi no gusuzuma ubwiza bw'amazi muri rusange. Ingano ya ogisijeni ishongeshejwe igira ingaruka zitaziguye ku miterere n'ikwirakwizwa ry'amafi yo mu mazi. Ku moko menshi y'amafi, urugero rwa DO rugomba kurenga 4 mg/L kugira ngo rushyigikire imikorere isanzwe y'umubiri. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ogisijeni ishongeshejwe ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi mu buzima busanzwe.gahunda zo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'amaziUburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gupima ogisijeni yashongeshejwe mu mazi burimo uburyo bwa iodometrike, uburyo bwa probe ya electrochemical, uburyo bwo gutwara amazi, n'uburyo bwa fluorescence. Muri ubwo buryo, uburyo bwa iodometrike ni bwo buryo bwa mbere busanzwe bwakozwe kugira ngo hapimwe DO kandi buracyari uburyo bw'ibanze (benchmark). Ariko, ubu buryo bushobora kubangamira cyane ibintu bigabanya urugero nka nitrite, sulfide, thiourea, aside humic, na aside tannic. Muri ibyo bihe, uburyo bwa probe ya electrochemical burasabwa kubera ubuhanga bwabwo bwo hejuru, ubushobozi buke bwo kubangamira, ubushobozi budahindagurika, n'ubushobozi bwo gupima bwihuse, bigatuma bukoreshwa cyane mu bikorwa bifatika.

Uburyo bwo gupima amashanyarazi bukora ku ihame ry’uko molekile za ogisijeni zikwirakwira mu ruhu rw’imashini zitoranya kandi zikagabanuka kuri electrode ikora, bigatuma habaho umuvuduko ukwirakwira uhwanye n’umuvuduko wa ogisijeni. Mu gupima uyu muvuduko, umuvuduko wa ogisijeni washongeshejwe mu gipimo ushobora kumenyekana neza. Iyi nyandiko yibanda ku buryo bwo gukora n’uburyo bwo kubungabunga bujyanye n’uburyo bwo gupima amashanyarazi, hagamijwe kunoza gusobanukirwa imikorere y’ibikoresho no kunoza uburyo bwo gupima.

1. Ibikoresho n'ibikoresho bigabanya ubushyuhe
Ibikoresho by'ibanze: isesengura ry'ubuziranenge bw'amazi rifite imikorere myinshi
Ibikoresho bitanga umusaruro: ibikenewe kugira ngo hamenyekane iodometrike ya ogisijeni yashongeshejwe

2. Gupima neza igipimo cy'umwuka wa ogisijeni washongeshejwe
Uburyo bwa Laboratwari bwa 1 (Uburyo bw'umwuka wuzuye n'amazi): Ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba bugenzurwa bwa 20 °C, shyira litiro 1 y'amazi meza cyane mu gikombe cya litiro 2. Shyira umwuka ubudasiba mu mazi mu gihe cy'amasaha 2, hanyuma uhagarike umwuka uhumeka hanyuma ureke amazi ahore neza mu gihe cy'iminota 30. Tangira gukoresha uburyo bwo gupima ushyira probe mu mazi hanyuma uvange ukoresheje icyuma gikurura amashanyarazi kuri 500 rpm cyangwa ugende witonze muri electrode mu gice cy'amazi. Hitamo "gupima umwuka wuzuye n'amazi" ku gice cy'igikoresho. Urangije, igipimo cyuzuye kigomba kugaragaza 100%.

Uburyo bwa Laboratwari bwa 2 (Uburyo bw'umwuka wuzuye amazi): Kuri 20 °C, shyiramo siponji mu gipfundikizo cy'icyuma gikingira kugeza igihe cyuzuye neza. Siga neza hejuru y'agace k'amashanyarazi ukoresheje urupapuro rwo kuyungurura kugira ngo ukureho ubushuhe bwinshi, ongera ushyiremo electrode mu gipfundikizo, hanyuma ureke ihuze amasaha 2 mbere yo gutangira kuyipima. Hitamo "gupima umwuka wuzuye amazi" ku gice cy'igikoresho. Iyo urangije, isuzuma ryuzuye rikunze kugera kuri 102.3%. Muri rusange, ibisubizo bibonerwa mu buryo bw'umwuka wuzuye amazi bihuye n'ibyavuye mu buryo bw'umwuka wuzuye amazi. Ibipimo bikurikira bya buri gipimo bikunze gutanga agaciro ka 9.0 mg/L.

Gupima imirima: Igikoresho kigomba gupimwa mbere yo gukoresha buri gikoresho. Bitewe nuko ubushyuhe bwo hanze bukunze kugabanuka kuva kuri 20 °C, gupima imirima ni byiza gukoresha uburyo bw'umwuka wuzuye amazi mu gikoresho cy'icyuma gipima. Ibikoresho bipimwa hakoreshejwe ubu buryo bigaragaza amakosa yo gupima mu buryo bwemewe kandi bikomeza kuba byiza gukoreshwa mu murima.

3. Gupima amanota ya Zero-Point
Tegura umuti udafite ogisijeni ushongesha garama 0.25 za sodium sulfite (Na₂SO₃) na garama 0.25 za cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate (CoCl₂·6H₂O) muri mL 250 z'amazi meza cyane. Shyira agakoresho muri iki gikoresho hanyuma ugishyiremo buhoro buhoro. Tangira gusuzuma zeru-point hanyuma utegereze ko igipimo gihamye mbere yo kwemeza ko kirangiye. Ibikoresho bifite ubwishingizi bwa zeru byikora ntibisaba kugenzura zeru n'intoki.

Andika ubutumwa bwawe hano hanyuma ubwoherereze

Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-09-2025